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Projects: Projects for Investigator
Reference Number	NIA_NGSO0007
Title	Investigation & Modelling of Fast Frequency Phenomena (“F2P”)
Status	Completed
Energy Categories	Other Power and Storage Technologies(Electricity transmission and distribution) 100%;
Research Types	Applied Research and Development 100%
Science and Technology Fields	PHYSICAL SCIENCES AND MATHEMATICS (Computer Science and Informatics) 50%; ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (Electrical and Electronic Engineering) 50%;
UKERC Cross Cutting Characterisation	Not Cross-cutting 100%
Principal Investigator	Project Contact No email address given National Grid Electricity Transmission
Award Type	Network Innovation Allowance
Funding Source	Ofgem
Start Date	01 April 2018
End Date	01 April 2019
Duration	ENA months
Total Grant Value	£340,000
Industrial Sectors	Power
Region	London
Programme	Network Innovation Allowance
Investigators	Principal Investigator	Project Contact , National Grid Electricity Transmission (100.000%)
	Industrial Collaborator	Project Contact , National Grid plc (0.000%)
Web Site	https://smarter.energynetworks.org/projects/NIA_NGSO0007
Objectives	A potential response to the operational challenges described which this project is addressing, is enabled by the arrival and deployment of high-resolution synchronised measurement capabilities using Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs), which makes it possible to accurately observe and consequently predict these frequency fluctuations across the GB power system as a whole. Such an accurate prediction capability would enable the potential impact of ROCOF and vector shift to be more cost-effectively managed. It should also enable the inertia of demand (sometimes referred to as “residual inertia”) to be estimated from actual incident data, such that this time-varying and load-varying parameter can be factored into prediction studies to improve their accuracy.This project therefore proposes to use Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) to accurately observe and consequently predict frequency fluctuations at an operational level across the GB power system. This will be achieve through three work packages which will be delivered as part of the project outlined below:Work Package 1: Data Gathering, Visualisation and InvestigationMonths 1-8:1.1 Gather PMU data for system incidents of interest:• Tasks: Large-scale data collection access and management will be established for PMUs operated by National Grid. In addition, data will be sought from the Scottish Transmission Owners (TOs) and other GB universities with PMUs. Identify events of interest and assemble relevant data. Deliverable: Report including associated datasets. • Develop a visualisation approach for overlaying this data on the GB power system: Tasks: Collaborate with data scientists within the Brunel Smart Power Networks theme to explore data visualisation methods. Effective visualisation should help the project and the wider user community to understand the behaviour of fast frequency phenomena. It is expected that animating the spread of frequency waves will be quite illuminating in helping us understand the phenomena. Deliverable: Report including visualisation of actual power network events. 1.2 Investigate the variation of fast frequency phenomena vary with power system location and characteristics.• Tasks: Access historical power system operation information from National Grid (demand levels, generation pattern) and investigate correlations with fast frequency phenomena in recorded disturbance events. • Deliverable: Report setting out the variation of fast frequency effects with power system characteristics.• Milestone: Publication submission covering all three WP1 elements (November 2018) to the IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting July/August 2019.Work Package 2: Modelling & Validation using conventional power system analysis softwareMonths 3-10:Explore and develop power system modelling to explain the observed phenomena.• Tasks: Investigate and validate the use of National Grid simulation software (DigSilent PowerFactory) to accurately model high-speed frequency phenomena. Explore other simulation software and modelling techniques as appropriate. • Deliverable: Report on the effectiveness of modelling fast frequency phenomena in DigSilent PowerFactory and any other packages investigated, including recommendations for any improvements in National Grid data, models and practices.Work Package 3: Modelling & Validation using OPAL-RTMonths 6-12:3.1 Install and configure OPAL-RT, and establish a range of test datasets from simple models, through the 32-bus Enhanced Frequency Control Capability (EFCC) project model to the full GB power system. At each stage, compare results with DigSilent simulations, and for more sophisticated models compare with actual PMU results. For OPAL-RT, the focus will be especially on vector shift effects, though ROCOF effects will also be validated. • Tasks: Set up OPAL-RT software (RT-LAB 11 + ePHASORSIM) at Brunel University. Implement test models, EFCC 32-bus model and import full GB model from NGs OLTA system. Validate results against conventional power system simulation results and PMU measurements. • Deliverable: Report on the effectiveness of OPAL-RT modelling, especially with respect to vector shift, and make recommendations as to its possible use within National Grid and any further modelling development that should be explored. This project uses the capabilities of Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) accurate prediction capability to enable the potential impact of ROCOF and vector shift to be more cost-effectively managed.A particular focus of this project is the spatial behaviour of system frequency following a disturbance. Examination of historic PMU data indicates that the initial ROCOF and vector shift varies with location on the system. Depending on the location of the critical fault, the pattern of inertial generation and the disposition of vulnerable embedded generation, it may be possible to exploit this spatial behaviour to relax the inertia management criteria compared to current practice. The aim of the F2P project is to accurately observe and consequently predict frequency fluctuations at an operational level across the GB power system. The following objectives are being targeted: Gather PMU data for GB power system incidents of interest; Develop a visualisation approach for overlaying such gathered data on the GB power system; Explore the variation of frequency phenomena with power system location and characteristics; Explore and evaluate whether existing power system modelling software can comprehensively explain the observed phenomena. Make recommendations as appropriate for any improvements to National Grids data, models or processes. Implement a range of models in the OPAL-RT software (RT-LAB 11 + ePHASORSIM), from simple test models up to the full GB system. Demonstrate simulation of actual incidents in the OPAL-RT software, validating results at the PMU level.
Abstract	NULL
Publications	(none)
Final Report	(none)
Added to Database	09/11/22